You explain things so clearly that my professor can't even make clear in a 3 hour lecture. I was so confused about aspects of digital logic but now I understand after watching some of your videos, thank you so much.

@nopecharon

Жыл бұрын

Fr he does

as always Saved my time after hours of researching

@tarqabdullah1954

4 жыл бұрын

اهلييين سعوديين في كل مكان ماشاءالله

To clarify bit further on what sir mentioned at 05.30, the addition becomes simplified when we assume 5 bit number system (as representing 9 in 2 complement notation needs 5 bits - the 4 bit range is from [-8, +7]) A = 01001 = 9;B = 00100 = 4; Y = A - B = A + (-B) = 01001 + (-00100) = = 01001 + (11100) = [1]00101. In this notation, the overflow bit (in the square bracket) can always be discarded and the sign of the most significant bit shows the sign of the number. 0 means positive and 1 means negative ---- Just as a check, B-A = 00100 - 01001 = 00100 + (-01001) = 00100 + (10111) = 11011 = -(00101) = -5 ---- (i) Check minimum number of bits required (ii) Convert everything into 2s complement notation in those number of bits (iii) Add -------- In this way, overflow only happens when MSB of the two numbers added is the same, and they are of opposite sign to the MSB of the result obtained.

OH MY GOD, ARE YOU PROFESSOR YOU? YOU EXPLAINED THIS THING IN 30 SECONDS WHILE I CAN'T EVEN LEARN IN 3 MONTHS IN LECTURE CLASS I THOUGHT I'M STUPID

@animesan3687

5 ай бұрын

Me too😌

@Factprovider25

2 ай бұрын

My book has given the link of this video

@animesan3687

2 ай бұрын

@@Factprovider25 wch book?

@Factprovider25

2 ай бұрын

Computer for you with AI

thank you, very concise and to the point.

Thank you so much! Amazing lecture!

Thanks for the great videos. Very informative.

for 3rd problem i think --> (+15) in 5-bit = 01111 so now (10110) -(01111) = 00111 in simple binary substraction means(A-(+B)) and with methoad two means (A+(-B)) you should sum 10110 with (-15) so (10110)+(10001) = 00111 so with two methoad +7 in 5-bit is 00111

@ONLY_GAMER2.0

Күн бұрын

Yes 👍🏻 right same ans

i was so confused about the subtraction using 2s complement but your video was so excellent that now i able to solve properly.You explain much better than my teacher,Thank You:)

thanks a lot for this ... everyone had complicated this so much... but u really helped me to clear my concepts.... it helped a lot for my exam...

Really an amazing way of explanation

thanks for providing knowledge to teachers

Tq sir for this video I understood clearly your explanation is very good tq so much👍

thank you very much for the amazing video. you are the best

Really amazing u r sir I nearly completed everything for my digital electronics from your lectures sir Thank u sir

@diyadey1654

2 жыл бұрын

Can you say the answer of the question given below? -8-4=-12. I cannot perform this substraction by using binary 2's compliment Using the method which sir told.... Kindly if you can pls solve it

Thank you sir helping me this subject

Thank you dude

Thank you so much.

Thank you 😊 sir

thank you neso

3rd problem You can't represent 1111 (15) in 2's complement just by 4 bits. So, make it 01111 --> 1's complement --> 10000 --> 2's complement --> 10001 Now, A + (-B) = 10110(22) + 10001(-15) = 100111 --> MSB discarded for the same logic --> 00111 (7)

@anshuldhok3407

3 жыл бұрын

Thanks bro

@theb4stguy332

3 жыл бұрын

Why do we convert 1111 to 01111 at start?

@fatimatuzahra8945

3 жыл бұрын

@@theb4stguy332 because A is a 5 bit number and B is a 4 bit number, therefore to convert B into a 5 bit number, we add up the zero to the extreme left

@theb4stguy332

3 жыл бұрын

@@fatimatuzahra8945 👍

@LakshyaGaming_mcoc

3 жыл бұрын

No this method is wrong you have to take direct 2's compliment or else you would get stuck in 2nd problem where also (1110) is 14 so according to your approach (0111) -(1110) taking 2's of 14 will be 10001 Then adding you will get 11001 which is +ve 9 which is wrong ❌ As 0111(7) -1110(14) = -7 not +9

Thank you sir

1) 0010 +ve in true form 2)1001 -ve in 2's complement form 3)00111 +ve in true form

@nishantpandey5435

3 жыл бұрын

In 2nd question the final ans is 0111 right?

@snehilgupta6201

3 жыл бұрын

@@nishantpandey5435 no it's 1001 only!

@nishantpandey5435

3 жыл бұрын

@@snehilgupta6201 ok i got it....brother...🤟🤟🤟

@anushamm7403

3 жыл бұрын

@@snehilgupta6201 How? I got 0111

@anushamm7403

3 жыл бұрын

@@snehilgupta6201 How? I got 0111

thank you very much

9:30, a practical example? x'y'z + xyz'

Always the one stop solution 👍

I had a doubt with another channel video but u cleared it thank you kal Mera exam hai🙃

summary of process is: 1) do 2's complement on the 2nd number. 2) then add 1st number and 2's complement of 2nd number 3) if the result's sign bit is 1, then the result is positive. Ignore the sign bit, we get our answer If the result's sign bit is 0, then the result is negative. Ignore the sign bit, do 2's complement on remaining part. then, we get our answer

@trishaseal7782

11 ай бұрын

thanks!

@ArnavVerma-oy4dc

9 ай бұрын

no we don't do 2's complement in second case, thats just to check our answer

Saved my ass for the exam thanks! You may have an accent but you explain very well with good a good structure!

@anonymous-404

4 жыл бұрын

MK2EA if you're really concerned with his accent, I believe you have seen a strong accent. His speech is very clear for a non native speaker

nice video it really helped me out

Thank you...

Thank You SIr

The video is very good. I thought I could add some details for the truly nerdy, and for those who have an interest in how computer hardware does binary arithmetic, particularly subtraction. If you are new to binary, I suggest you skip this posting. There needs to be a way to represent negative numbers. There are three common ways: (1) Sign magnitude (2) One's complement (3) Two's complement; this is by far the most common, and the description follows: All of the explanation will be given assuming 4-bit words. Extending the description to 32 bits (or n bits) is left as an exercise for the reader. (LOL, don't you just hate it when instructors say that?) The 4 bits have the weights: -8, +4, +2, and +1. Note: --- Only the left most bit (the sign bit, the most-significant-bit MSB) has a negative weight; All the other bits have positive weights. --- If you set any bit to a 1 (except for the sign bit), the number becomes more positive (or less negative). --- The zero value is represented by 0000 --- All ones, 1111, has the value -1. (Since -8+4+2+1 = -1). To get the negative of a number (that is, to get -N given N), the rule is "complement all the bits and add 0001". First, define the bit-complement operator ~ to be: "Change each 1 to a 0 and each 0 to a 1". Examples: ~0000 = 1111, and ~1111 = 0000 ~0001 = 1110 ~1010 = 0101 Proof: note that N + ~N = 1111 = -1 Example: 0101 + ~0101 = 0101 + 1010 = 1111 = -1 Rearrange: ~N = -1 - N Rearrange: ~N + 1 = -N Finally: -N = ~N + 1 (QED) Examples using the complement+1 negation rule: +1 = 0001; -1 = ~0001 + 1 = 1110 + 1 = 1111 -1 = 1111; +1 = ~1111 + 1 = 0000 + 1 = 0001 +5 = 0101; -5 = ~0101 + 1 = 1010 + 1 = 1011 -5 = 1011; +5 = ~1011 + 1 = 0100 + 1 = 0101 0 = 0000; -0 = ~0000 + 1 = 1111 + 1 = 0000 (Notice: negating 0000 results in 0000.) And finally, negating twice returns the original number, a requirement. Now any two numbers, positive or negative, can be added or subtracted. To subtract a number, first take its negative (using the complement+1 rule given above) and then add. NO "BORROWING" IS EVER NECESSARY. The subtraction method used by hardware inside a computer CPU is: Change the subtraction problem to an addition problem (by negating the subtrahend using the complement+1 rule), then add, propagating the carries right to left. Note that the longer a computer word is, the more carries need to be propagated. The time to propagate the carries is proportional to the length of the word, O(length), which is slow for long words. There are "carry skipping" methods which reduce the carry time to O(log(length)), but these methods are another topic. Addition and subtraction can cause the integer overflow exception: -- If two positive numbers added result in a negative (MSB=1) sum, overflow has occurred. -- If two negative numbers added result in a positive (MSB=0) sum, overflow has occurred. Adding a positive number to a negative number never results in overflow. The negative of 1000 (= -8) results in 1000 and overflow, since the largest positive number is 0111 = +7. In hardware, it is easy to calculate overflow by looking at the carries into and out of the MSB: Overflow = ExclusiveOR(CarryIntoMSB, CarryOutOfMSB). Note that there is always a "strange" number for any of the three number systems: --- Sign magnitude has the number 1000 = 0000 (-0 = +0) since the MSB is the sign and has no value; there is no +8 or -8. --- One's complement has the number 1111 = 0000. Again, -0 = +0, and there is no +8 or -8. --- Two's complement has the number 1000 = -8, but there is no +8; the largest positive number is 0111 = +7. Two's complement has the "strange" number in the most out-of-the-way place, so it rarely causes a problem. The other two systems have the "strange" number at zero, which causes all-to-frequent, and unexpected, computational difficulties.

Thank youu so much

thank you

When we get -5(right) in last qs. Then why are we doing 2s' complement again to get +5(that is wrong)?

1. 0010 2. -0111 3. 0111

@spmsheikh8192

2 жыл бұрын

mrs 3rd one is wrong

when you use 2's comp. Expect an overflow.

so for example 2, I got the same answer when I subtracted 1 and THEN took the 1's compliment of the result. Is this okay to do or did it just work out in this example? Thanks

You are a savior

sir you can use shortcut method for finding 2s complement

U said the carry leads to overflow but u add a 4 bit number which doest fall into that range. Sir actually we are dealing with signed numbers so 1001 is a negtive number so we should not guess the number directly and take 2's complement . So 1001 is -7 and 1100 is -4 and subtrating them we will get -3 101 or 1101 right?

1.0010 2.0111 3.01001

@snehashishbanerjee2575

3 жыл бұрын

My last ans is coming out to be (00111)₂

Im pretty sure Ex2 is wrong. Using the 2's complement representation, 0110 in binary is equivalent to +6 in decimal, while 1011 in binary is equivalent to -5. So in deicmal number system, the task is to perform the following subtraction: +6 -(-5) = 11.

@serendipitous5497

5 жыл бұрын

Task is performed as6+(2's comp(5))=-11

I'm starting ❤️ with you now 😁

Will overflow happen if I'm adding (100)10 and (-46)10 ?

so if i want to get the negative of a number should i only do the 1's comp and thats it or add 1 :3 im a little bit confusesd

@thomasw.eggers4303

2 жыл бұрын

My suggestion is to forget about one's complement arithmetic. Yes, it is sometimes used, but two's complement is FAR more common. To get the two's complement of a number, change all the 1's to 0's, change all the 0's to 1's, and then add 1. You must always add the 1. This works for both positive and negative integers.

Is binary subtraction valid for only same bit number or even can I subtract different bit number??

i) 0010 ii) 1001 and (1001)2= -7 iii) 0111

@ayushpattnaik3977

3 жыл бұрын

Last one should be in 5bit

@AmanGupta-fe8jk

3 жыл бұрын

3.10111

@komalkumari-mu2qu

3 жыл бұрын

3) 00111

8-bit 2s complement binary numbers: 121 - 67 ? Is it overflow? It seems I got an answer 11111111 with discarding 11 .Did you have to ignore any carry bits?

What if u have been given 8 bit binary numbers to add using twos complement how do u neglect final carry?

is the final answer when there is no overflow after taking 2's comp or withtout taking 2's comp ?

thanks

Fillnaly ❤❤❤❤ thanks sir I searched whole day

so in the second example do i express my answer in 2's complement form or live it as it is??

If carry is 1 out put should be negative right

how we can solve 3rd question sir, result will come 5 bit or in 4bit

Using 2's complement (0110)2 -(0100)2 =0010 and (0111)2 -(1110) =1001

I don’t understand that for the sign bit of 1 is positive and 0 is negative. To my mind, it’s should be the opposite. Would anyone help clarify this situation please???

Sir, in previous (last) video you have said that 1's complement was negative form of number but in this you were saying that 2's complement was negative form of a number.... So which one is correct....

Hello Sir! i have a doubt in example no. 2 where you got the answer without a carry and again you are performing 2's complement. why is that?

@akashchakrabarti9639

6 жыл бұрын

Anas Khan The result which was obtained was negative and in its 2's complement form. So, to know the magnitude of the result (in this case +5), you have to perform the 2's complement of it(here -5).

Pls explain 3rd question

@3:00 sir how come is the result positive if the carry is 1? .. That has to be negative then no? Please explain

@vedasiva695

3 жыл бұрын

this is exclusive for two's compliment method. Not taken in general .

Sir I have a question, if A - B = A + (-B). Then what about A + B ? is it the same like the A -B formula ?

@SrcasmMy2ndLang-IsMyXid

Жыл бұрын

A - (-B)=A + B

0 sign bit indicates a positive number and 1 indicates negative

1. 0010 2. 1001 3. 00111

If we have 5 and 4 bit no. How we know carry is generated or not.

1. 1 0010(+2) 2. 0 0111(-7) 3. 1 00111(+7)

What about Binary subtraction using 2s complement which have fractional part too?

@thomasw.eggers4303

2 жыл бұрын

Getting into binary fractions is way beyond the scope of the video.

sir aapne last video m kha tha 1's comp. of A is -A and now in this video 2's comp. of A is -A......but 1's and 2's comp. of 6 is not equal explain......

@vikashchandra6262

3 жыл бұрын

Same doubt... How is it possible?

Can u please tell me how to do minuend change??

What about - 1-2. There is a carry generated yet it isva negative number

please , what is the minimum number of bits to represent 0 in 1's complement and 2's complement

@m0st4fabideer14

3 жыл бұрын

I believe 1 bit, the result would be 0 or 1 for 1's complement, and 0 for 2's complement.

What about decimal binary numbers?

sir you said with binary number like 1011, etc. But how to do with numbers like (1011.10)2 - (110.10)2 ??

Sir what can we do if we have sum is like this (110010)2-(123)10

how the second answer is solved plz explain in detail sir

if 1's compliment means negative of a number then how can 2's compliment also be negative of the number ?? please explain.

why 1001(2) goes 9? isn't it -7 because the left most digit is 1?

@KHANSAKHAN_SEMEA

8 жыл бұрын

if it is in the 2s complement form only then it is -7

How (-B) becomes 0101 in the 2nd problem. If the MSB is 0 then how it becomes negative number. Kindly explain.

is 2's complement only used in subtraction

@thomasw.eggers4303

2 жыл бұрын

Two's complement numbers are the most common way computers implement integer arithmetic. They are used for addition AND subtraction (and multiplication and division) of both positive and negative integers.

1) 0010 2)1001 3)0111

1) 0010 2) 1001(2's complement of 7) 3) 00111

@gauravkumar-ff8gu

4 жыл бұрын

2nd answer in incorrect take 2's complement of 1001 because the sign bit is 0(5th bit)

@achchhelalgupta3176

4 жыл бұрын

0111 + 0010 (2's complement of 1110) --------------------- 1001 ( now as there is no carry the result have to be converted in 2's complement form) ---------------------- hence the 2's complement of 1001 will be +7 i.e 0111. for 3rd question could you explain me ...

@sandeepkumar7357

4 жыл бұрын

@@achchhelalgupta3176 for 3rd ques answer is 00111 B is 01111 2's of B will be 10001 10110 +10001 ------------ 100111(final carry is one ) so neglect 1 answer will 00111

@amankarn3025

2 жыл бұрын

Its only 1001 or 10010

@shikharashish7616

Жыл бұрын

@@sandeepkumar7357 thank you , i was confused in 3rd question as i didn't add extra 0 for B at the MSB

Hw: 1) 2 2) -7 3) 7

how do we solve (-7)-9 using 2's complement method

@mounimounika2506

5 жыл бұрын

Yessss..I to have a doubt

1) 0010 (utilizes overflow discard) 2) 1001 (-7 because 2s comp = 0111 +7) 3) 0111 (utilizes overflow discard)

@adamamaral5949

7 жыл бұрын

S M yeah I was always confused with questions like this one. if u left it as -7 or put it back to +7?? I just looked at the original question. 7 - 14 = -7, hence why I left it in its 2s complement form (1001)

@utkarshshukla231

4 жыл бұрын

Are you sure for 3) ?? 😬

@neunzehnvierundachtzig

Жыл бұрын

3) and 2) is switched

@gojosatoru2005

Жыл бұрын

​@Anirudh I don't think so I have the same answer too

1) 0010 2) 1001 3) 10111

how u calculated d range of 2 comp

@AmanGupta-fe8jk

3 жыл бұрын

It's easy Since we have 4 variable so number of combination is 2^4.its from range -8 to 7 .if we consider both positive and negative respectively.

Sir, I am still confused with overflow. Based on your condition for overflow, the example 1 will be indicated no overflow, since x'y'z+xyz'=1'0'0+100'=010+101=0 no overflow, but in your first example, you said it was overflow. Are we supposed to consider the discarded "1" as the sign of result? even though, the discarded "1" is considered as the sign bit of result, it will be like this: 1'0'1+101'=011+100=0+0=0. it is still 0, which is no overflow in terms of your condition for overflow.

@gauravav1635

4 жыл бұрын

It's actually, x-sign bit of A y- sign bit of (-B)

How to subtract larger number from Smaller number

i needed an example . 10010.01-111000.00 by 2's complement

what's about (-42) - (-13) ??

Sir when I substracted -48-23 (-48)+(-23)=-71 11010000 is 2's com.. of 48 11101001 is 2's complement of 23 Adding both we get 1 10111001 so we got carry 1 and is case of overflow and I neglected 1 the answer should be 10111001 which is not equivalent to -71 You said we need to take 2's complement of result when we don't get carry. If we get carry we simply ignore it and that is the answer but here even after neglecting Carry we don't get the answer please help sir I request you

@preranadash9640

4 жыл бұрын

Did you get the answer from any other source plz reply

@diyadey1654

2 жыл бұрын

I am having same type of doubt ... Like -8-4 =-12. On performing 2's complement I am getting a carry and if I ignore the carry the ans which I am getting is not the correct ans... So pls if you both get the solution of this problem then pls give a reply

At 5:42 you are mistaken, If the sign bit is “0”, this means the number is positive in value. If the sign bit is “1”, then the number is negative in value.

@MATHSBYSURENDRATHAKAN

3 жыл бұрын

yes correct man.

@mihirvaghela2185

3 жыл бұрын

No that is the rule of 2s complement addition.. they're correct

1. 0010 2. 0111 3. 00111

How to do -2-6...the answer I get is 1000 with carry 1 . But 1 carry signifies + ...but the answer is -

@preranadash9640

4 жыл бұрын

Did you got the answer from any other source please help me

1. 1110 2. 0111 3. 01001

Can anyone please explain me the third homework problem clearly!

@aakash-codes

3 жыл бұрын

As in third example they are 4 bit digits we have to neglect an extra bit to get final answer.

1. 0010 2. 1001=-7 .. to Check find it's 2's =0111=7

Dear Neso Academy, i dont understand what is need of subtraction via 2's comp. when we can subtraction via 1's comp.. pls have a look on my querry

@nidhikunwar17

3 жыл бұрын

Because of 'end around carry'.

@makara2711

3 жыл бұрын

Neso said that it's easier to subtract using two's rather than one's