Vodyanskoe settlement is located two kilometers north of Dubovka. At this place, the Golden Horde city of Beljamen was once located. Now it is an archaeological site of federal significance.
People settled here before our era. The ancient man’s site, found in the Dubovsky district, belongs to the Paleolithic. In the early Iron Age, Sarmatian tribes inhabited this territory.
In the XIII century, there stood the rich Golden Horde city of Beljamen.
His defense should have been provided by the defensive rampart and the moat, which, apparently, did not have time to finish building to the end.
The city occupied about 50 hectares, was a major transit point and played a significant role in both the internal and foreign trade of the Golden Horde. This was due to its convenient geographical location. The Don here comes closest to the Volga, which allowed merchant river caravans that rose up the Don from the Black and Azov Seas to transport goods and drag ships to the Volga, from where they could go to both the Golden Horde capitals and further to Khorezm, Mongolia and China.
Crafts were well developed in the city and merchant quarters were present.
During the campaign of Tamerlane to the Golden Horde in 1395, Beljamen was destroyed, as evidenced by archaeological excavations.