Animation | How a P N junction semiconductor works | forward reverse bias | diffusion drift current
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This simple animation video clearly explains the topics P-N junction semi conductor or diode, what is forward bias and reverse bias, what is diffusion current and drift current, what is avalanche breakdown etc
What is a P -- N junction semiconductor and how is it formed?
The PN junction semi conductor is a combination of P type semiconductor with N type semiconductor to achieve the practical utility of both. It's formed, when a P type semi conductor is joined to an N type semiconductor.
The P type semiconductor has free holes with positive charged and the N type semiconductor has free electrons with negatively charge.
What happens when a PN junction is made?
When P and N semiconductors are joined to make the PN junction semiconductor diode, the electrons near the PN junction jump from N to P and holes near the junction jump from P to N. This phenomenon creates a space charge region or a depletion layer as shown in the video. At this space charge region due to the movement we have electrons in P region and holes in N region. For some time the electrons move back from P to N in the space region or depletion layer and some holes move back from N to P in the space region. This continues to happen till equilibrium is reached. This movement of electrons and holes in the space region or diffusion layer gives rise to Diffusion current.
What is Forward bias and how does it occur?
Forward bias occurs when the positive terminal of battery is connected to the P region and the negative terminal of battery is connected to the N region. In this condition what happens is the positive terminal repels the holes towards the junction and the negative terminal repels the electrons towards the junction. Due to this repulsion, the depletion region or space region narrows down as shown in the video.
But at a particular condition, If the voltage in the forward bias is above a specified range, the electrons in the N region drifts through the junction and migrates to the P region and the holes in the P region drifts through the junction and migrates to the N region.
Now the current flows across the circuit and this current are called the Drift current.
What is Reverse bias and how does it occur?
Reverse bias occurs when the negative terminal of the battery is connected with the N region and positive terminal with the P region. In this condition holes (positively charged) from the P region get attracted to the negative terminal of the battery and electrons (negatively charged) get attracted to the positive terminal of the battery. This results in the depletion layer to widen up.
Now the PN junction acts as an insulator and will not allow any current to flow in the circuit. But at a condition, if the battery voltage is above a particular limit, which is called as the reverse bias breakdown voltage level. Electrons and the holes breakdown through the PN junction and cross over resulting in the current to flow through the circuit. This break down is called avalanche breakdown
In this process the current flowing through the PN junction is very high and ultimately the PN junction gets damaged due to overheating caused by the excess flow of current.
This is how a PN junction semiconductor works.
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Answer to all the below questions are available in this video:
How pn junction diode works. How diode works, animation diode, animation pn junction, working of pn junction, how does a pn junction semiconductor works, what is avalanche breakdown, what is drift current, how drift current forms, what is space charge region, how space charge region forms, what is depletion layer, how depletion layer formed, how an electric field is formed in pn junction, what is forward bias, what is reverse bias, how forward bias occurs, how reverse bias occurs, what is diffusion current, how diffusion current is formed.
Пікірлер: 890
Best video to understand in few minutes, when u are left with one day to exam😂...
@silicon_relics
3 жыл бұрын
Dude🤣😆
@Bowbowbam1002
3 жыл бұрын
Hahahaha 🤣😂😂😂 😒😒😒😒
@sudeepsingh9337
3 жыл бұрын
Turu
@Shrinivasvlogs
3 жыл бұрын
Exam is in few hours
@tiyam3219
3 жыл бұрын
2hrs 😂😂
POINT TO NOTE: A p type semiconductor is not positively charged instead the number the protons and electrons are equal in its lattice.its actually called p-type semiconductor because there is free movement of holes (i.e- positive charge carriers). the same goes for n type semiconductor.. :)
@johome10
10 жыл бұрын
is it neutral ? Are holes act like proton except that it can move ? Sorry if my question is stupid . . .
@kirankumar-ch2gd
10 жыл бұрын
johome10 A p type or n type semiconductor is neutral.the no of protons and electrons are same in the lattice
@Souls4Music
5 жыл бұрын
Could you explain why it is called as holes, how holes can travel?. Protons and electrons can move bcz its physically particles..
@tomjoseph1180
5 жыл бұрын
@@Souls4Music holes in the lattice points are defects. That means, simply the absence of electrons in valence band are known as holes. And holes do not move practically. These vacant spaces are filled by another electron creating a hole on its place and so on. This causes the shift of holes. This is known as hole current.
@saadumer644
5 жыл бұрын
Nice bro
Hey, thank you. Im from malaysia. The video really helped me understand the semiconductor diodes better. Thank you once again!!!!!
this video does not explain the reason for the electric field developing across the junction and avalanche breakdown. The p type impurity atoms have only 3 electrons around them and n type impurity atoms have 5 electrons. When a PN junction is made, the excess electrons from the n region moves to the holes(vacant position for electrons) present around the P type impurity atoms. Thus when n region looses one electron, N type impurity atoms becomes positive ions and when the N type impurities accept this electron, they will become negative ions .This creates potential difference across the pn junction. The avalanche break down occurs due to the minority carriers present in both regions. When high reverse voltage is applied, the minority charges gain enough energy to break the depletion region causing uncontrollable current flow through the junction.
@Howmachineworks
8 жыл бұрын
+bijesh balan Well said.. For more more info you can email is at techtrixinfo@gmail.com or whats app at +919744615655 TechTrixInfo
@user-gi8uh2pe6t
8 жыл бұрын
+bijesh balan thanku for explaining the fact sir.
@sachinmatta3170
8 жыл бұрын
+bijesh balan thanks to you sir!
@TheClenchingfists
8 жыл бұрын
+bijesh balan This was great
@audumdarjadhav4545
7 жыл бұрын
c
Maybe you should try on a rap career. From P to tha N and back to N to tha P.
get ur basics correct sir p type is not positively charged the same goes for n type it is not negatively charged , they both are electrically neutral in nature
@stevehamilton5704
6 жыл бұрын
yeah u re right! i found so many things that he explained were incorrect. esp. while explaining reverse bias operation.
@simrinahmed5436
3 жыл бұрын
@@stevehamilton5704 yeah in reverse bias the positive holes don't migrate from the p-region to the n-region ,it's infact the highly energetic electrons who are the minority carriers that moves from the p-region to the n-region right?
@nkaur8362
3 жыл бұрын
Yah u r right cuz ... i will also thinking this ... even i heard video 3 4 times forreverse baising concept
Just Awesome. Very clear and neat explaination. Thank you very much sir. Keep up your good work. Pls make more videos about the Power Electronis subject. Becoz, There are whole lot of complex topics in PE that needed to be explained in this Simple manner. Hats off to you sir. You're work is just priceless. God bless you :)
@Howmachineworks
8 жыл бұрын
+Vamshi Krishna We are honored by that comment. For more info you can email us at techtrixinfo@gmail.com or whats app at +919744615655 TechTrixInfo.com
Thaaaaaaank you! My exam is in the morning (it's 22:35 at night) and my lecture notes were a mess for this but this cleared things up haha
@bhavna3962
3 жыл бұрын
its so weird to think that this comment is 6 years old and ur life is probably completely different now (hope ur doing well!)
@shreya-ej4nh
3 жыл бұрын
@@bhavna3962 Lmaoo I wanted to drop an ATB to her, then saw that the comment is 6y old. Yup, his/her life would have changed now. Thought the same. Vibee check. ATB to u instead✨
@bhavna3962
3 жыл бұрын
@@shreya-ej4nh thank u ! all the best for physics to u!
@rajdeeppatil3623
3 жыл бұрын
@@bhavna3962 yeah😅 I was also thinking the same this comment is 6 yrs ago and at this point how different their life will be as compared to 6 yrs ago! Anyways, Time tickles😄 Physics never changes. ATB :)
@godhelpme8977
3 жыл бұрын
Hi
oh man thank u! i have understood it in first time itself...great teaching
it made me understand much as I needed
@Howmachineworks
9 жыл бұрын
sandip malla Thank you, Please SUBSCRIBE to us for more videos. We have a face book page just search for TechTrixInfo in face book - TechTrixInfo.com
Great, you explained it clearly. Thanks!
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Cleared obscure points for me .A Thank You from Brazil.
Thank you so much! Clearly explained and easy to follow, especially with the animations.
Very helpful... Ith kandapo aan vyakthamaai mnsilaayath.. Thanku sir
Thank you sooooooooooooooo much😊😊😊. It was so difficult for me to understand this bias
this is just great. it solved my only confusion in semiconductor
WELL U EXPLAINED IT AWESOME & better than my teacher, thank you
One of the best video ever since it has clear explanation of the pn junction. Thanku very much
Just in time for my material science final this week. Very informative, and clear as ice. Thanks.
well explained from the basics thankyou
Nicely explained I got clear cut idea from this video.
@Howmachineworks
9 жыл бұрын
Gautam Kumar Thank you , please subscribe to us for more videos n keep connected with us on Facebook just search for Techtrixinfo
you make this so clear, thank you
very clear explanation..thank you!
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i learned in this video more than what i have learned in 3 years at my university > thank you so mach
Crisp and clear explanation..
Thanks! Finally an explanation of drift current that I can understand
very nice video ,an perfect concept concept abt the P_N junction i wish u all the best for uploading such types of videos THANKS DEAR UPLOADER...
owesome video cleared all doubts.
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Holes doesn't move actually what happen is electrons move leaving a hole (creating a hole)
@alicareem
6 жыл бұрын
Yasinda Perera That's what I want to hear.
@adithich5477
5 жыл бұрын
Yes yes finally! Why can't the textbooks just mention that!? I hate this confusion. When I explained it to my friends, they just said I was wrong.
Very helpful. Thank you very much
This was very helpful. Thank you so much.
@Howmachineworks
8 жыл бұрын
+Tanya Gupta We are honored by that comment. For more info you can email us at techtrixinfo@gmail.com or whats app at +919744615655 TechTrixInfo.com
Excellent explanation! Thank You
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it is very clear and able 2 understand at the 1st time nly......
Thank you so much techtrixinfo:) helped me a lot
Ya really I am watching before the Exam to understand it properly . Now I understood all after watching this video 🙏.
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The basic of semiconductor physics is covered within 7 minutes. Nice job sir!
This vedio is very useful to understand.Thank you sir.
Thank you and love and regards from Nepal 🇳🇵
The most simple defenition,thanks for the video👍
thank you verymuch for make this explanation very clear. i hope i can get high score for answering this question in my final exam 2 week from now :D
Superb explanations ♥️
quite good explanation, thanks
Thanku so much sir.... Tomorrow is my exam of electronics n was confused 😖 in pn junction... In 14 min I understood the pn junction... Thank u god bless
Good! Helped me "get it". Thanks.
Perfectly explained excellent 👍
thank you so much! your explanations are so clear :D
its more clear when there is an animation.. professor in class should do this than showing only photos, thanks a lot!!
Your video was very helpful... Thank you...
thank you, very easy to understand
EXCELLENT ........WE ARE EXPECTING MORE VIDEOS FROM YOU SIR
@Howmachineworks
7 жыл бұрын
+Hyder Ali Shaik Sure Thanks for the comment Reach us on WhatsApp @ +919744615655 for more updates
Very clear, well explained!
you explain so nicely thank you
Very nice explanation i can never forget it now till i am alive thanks very much
It was too good and simple to understand.....GOOD JOB
@Howmachineworks
8 жыл бұрын
+Surya Yadav Thanks for the comment. What's app us @ +919744615655 To get updates on Mechanical/ Automobile engineering
thank you for the video on how semiconductor works.
very nice way of explanation, easy to understand, really helpful, thanks
Thanks for an explanation
@learningexpress6224
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks Sir
Thank you very much, great video!
Best explanation ever.
I swear indians in YT is a better teacher than some actual teacher.
@Howmachineworks
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the comment
wow, exccelent explanation. tnk u sirr
great explanation , understood in once . excellent job
omg u made it so simple thankyou
clear explanation thank u....
Easy to understand,grt job
great job.i understanded it completely.thanks.
@Howmachineworks
8 жыл бұрын
+Ifran Saleem We are honored by that comment. For more info you can email us at techtrixinfo@gmail.com or whats app at +919744615655
great. this is what i need now
good explanation. thank u sir
Thanks, really helpful video!
Keep it up 🙂 Mind-blowing explanation Sir Thanks alot
really superb. i got use by tht. thank you sooooooooo much
thank u soo much sir...u r explanation is soo clear.... i have fully understand the concept
Really nice I understand without difficult
thnq for ur pn junction video explanations
This Helped me. It is very well explained.
Thanks a lot sir you have solved my problem
I understood very easily thnkyu so much Sir
just awesome and upto the mark for what is required.😃😃
clean tutorial. thanks
it was great, thank you.
This is very useful sir.....thank you sir...
i am gd understanding the lession.tnks
its really really gud its vry help ful to students
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