3 Invasive Species That Will Never Be Controlled
Invasive species can cause extinctions and alter ecosystems. This is why so much effort, time and money is put into trying to control invasive species but in some cases it's a loosing battle. Invasive species are usually very intelligent and hardy and that's often why they're so successful. Some invasive species have become so successful that there is no chance that they will ever be controlled and this is bad news for the native species.
In this video i will be going through just a few of the worst invasive species in the world as i will be going through 3 invasive species that will never be controlled.
Chapters
0:00 Introduction
0:42 Eastern Grey Squirrel In The UK
4:45 Lionfish In The Eastern USA And The Caribbean
8:09 Red Foxes In Australia
Attributions
Red fox images:
caroline legg
www.flickr.com/photos/1289412...
(CC BY 2.0)
Eastern gray squirrel images:
Fyn Kynd
www.flickr.com/photos/7945212...
(CC BY 2.0)
Watts
www.flickr.com/photos/watts_p...
(CC BY 2.0)
Charles J. Sharp
www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54800218
(CC BY-SA 4.0)
FWC Fish and Wildlife Research Institute
www.flickr.com/photos/myfwc/
(CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Red Squirrel images
hedera.baltica
www.flickr.com/photos/hedera_...
(CC BY-SA 2.0)
European pine marten images:
Zweer de Bruin
www.flickr.com/photos/bzd1/
(CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Lionfish images:
Jens Petersen (Edit by Olegiwit)
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
(CC BY-SA 3.0)
Kris-Mikael Krister
www.flickr.com/photos/1488358...
(CC BY 2.0)
Brian Gratwicke
www.flickr.com/photos/briangr...
(CC BY 2.0)
Rickard Zerpe
www.flickr.com/photos/krokodi...
(CC BY 2.0)
Red fox images:
Ouwesok
www.flickr.com/photos/9597500...
(CC BY-NC 2.0)
Fox hunting images:
Yale Center for British Art
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Yale...
(CC0 1.0)
Thylacine footage:
ABC News (Australia)
/ @abcnewsaustralia
I have edited and adapted some of these clips and images.
Creative commons licences: creativecommons.org/licenses/
Thanks for watching i hope you enjoyed :)
Пікірлер: 445
Living in the Caribbean, there are talks on my island about stopping the cull on lionfish because we believe that they’ll soon be integrated into the environment and no longer considered invasive which is crazy to me because the numbers are still really strong
@Kurominos1
Жыл бұрын
thats actually common first an animal /plant shows up and mostly gets ignored then it gets out of hand and get marked as invasive then ppl try to get rid of it for around 5- 8 years with not much success then it simply gets declared as "native" in most cases in these 5 -7 years the native evoriment adapts to hte new arrivel anyway (exept island ecosystems) something that i find a lot worse is i have a pond ,,,want to buy some plants for around the pond/in the pond go to a shop ,,,and all plants you can buy arent native ones but plants from north america ,,northern china or japan (i live in central europe) when you point out that its not good sellign these cause they survive the winter here and will spread they go ,,nah it will not happen we said this to the tree of heaven ,,the north american summac ,,,and a lot other plants too and now theyr everywhere
@WarriorVirtue
Жыл бұрын
Nature's ability to sort itself out is grossly underestimated.
@abdielrodriguez1386
11 ай бұрын
@@Kurominos1yeah many invasives naturalize but it take hundreds of years maybe more for them to actually be native. The point of control isn’t always to eradicate them but to allow natives to have time to respond. Like lion fish if they are left uncontrolled they will quickly get rid of large populations that don’t have time to respond but if you reduce their numbers you have some species that can survive long enough to adapt to them
@Kurominos1
11 ай бұрын
@@abdielrodriguez1386 the thing is .... invasive spec where already a thing long ,,,long before we humans where around > prob the first invasion was when Tyrannosaurids who origintatet in Asia ,,came via landbrighte to the americas and where then there prob the reson allosaurids went extinct in the end another waswhen the eurasisn continent conectet with America again and Beardogs and Sabertooths came to the Us ,,what also caused a huge extinction event then when north and south america coenctet and all the north american spec invadet southamerica and ade a huge load of them go extinct and when africa and europe conectet making european animals travel to africa causing havok there today we humans make it faster with bringing animals/plants from continent to continent ,,,but this happend so often during eraths history
@epicsasquatch452
11 ай бұрын
@@abdielrodriguez1386 I've seen divers teach moray eels to eat them. It turns out moray eels are immune to their venom.
In areas in Ireland where pine marten populations are increasing, red squirrels are also making a come back.
@beastmaster0934
Жыл бұрын
Yup, because pine martens prefer the larger, slower grey squirrels over the smaller, swifter red squirrels.
@Backpfeifengesicht45
Жыл бұрын
@@beastmaster0934 they're thriving with access to the bigger slower prey.
@datoda3593
9 ай бұрын
@@Backpfeifengesicht45Hopefully, it's not yet over for the red squirrels
Note that the densest fox populations are on the opposite side of the dingo fence from the larger canines, in fact the red squares almost follow the shape of the infamous dingo fence perfectly. While dingoes are controversial in their own right, some viewing them as merely feral dogs and others as native predators, they are Australia's best defense against cats and foxes as well as other invasive species such as pigs, camels and even water buffalo.
@anniehill9909
Жыл бұрын
Of course, there's a small population of Tasmanian Devils on the mainland, and they might take on foxes. However, while I'm sure dingoes would significantly reduce the number of foxes, they'd also wipe out the Devils, which is why they weren't on the mainland any more.
@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana
Жыл бұрын
@goofball They'll probably learn the flip them over and eat their legs trick eventually. Plus, they will probably harass them for the high occasionally like dogs 🐕.
@dragonflied3
Жыл бұрын
Still can't beat the infamous hippos of Columbia.
@thenerdbeast7375
Жыл бұрын
@@anniehill9909 There aren't any Devils on the mainland, they've been extinct there for thousands of years.
@imapandaperson
9 ай бұрын
@anniehill9909 they coexisted with Tasmanian devils for thousands of years without wiping them out, Tasmanian devils numbers are so low now because the Australian government had a bounty on their head, like they did with the thylacine --- if we could get Tasmanian devil numbers up to healthy levels again then dingos wouldn't be a threat to them
Funny thing with the reintroduction of the Pine Marten to the UK. It seems to have turned it's nose up at our small native red squirrel in favour of the more substantial, meaty Greys. Pine martens have already been filmed chasing them around trees. Apparently the smaller, and lighter red can avoid the marten by going out onto branches that are too thin and flimsy for the Marten to walk on without them snapping or breaking.
what i love about this channel is that he never blame the animals themselves
There's a few articles out there about how spearfishers decided to give some of the lionfish to the local sharks to teach them that it's a food source. It appears to be working, as divers spotted some sharks hunting the lionfish on their own. Hopefully with a few local predators on the case, the lionfish population will be a bit more manageable.
I love that despite you having a calming voice, you're not afraid to call out certain stupid things that people had done that both damaged the environment and jeopardize the well-being of animals both wild and domesticated, like with releasing exotic fish or fox hunting.
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
thank you i really appreciate that and i will always talk about important things such as that
Great video mate. I feel like in Australia, the most dangerous (by far) invasive species that can't be dealt with is the cane toad . Look it up, it's absolutely crazy what this toad is doing they are literally destroying Australia (just the state of Queensland now, but they rapidly expand and evolve)
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
Thanks i appreciate it and yeah I've done many videos on the cane toad it's a real disaster. Luckily some native predators are adapting and have learnt to eat the toads without getting poisoned.
@alessandropizzocaro7506
Жыл бұрын
@@TsukiCove true ! I see you are well informed. Glad you replied to my comment, I'm a big fan.
@herpermike_
11 ай бұрын
One of the other huge problem invasive species are house cats!
@SIMUL4CR4
11 ай бұрын
Cane toads are bad for the tropical parts, feral cats do a lot of damage to wildlife, but in terms of total damage, the worst invasive species in Australia is by far the rabbit.
@xenialafleur
11 ай бұрын
Cane toads are becoming a problem in parts of Florida as well.
Feral cats or any outdoor cat. I will be covering what I call the Feral Cat Industrial Complex soon. A lot of people profit off of feral cats: pet food suppliers, and feral cat lobbies that fund raise off of them.
Some people in Florida and Puerto Rico are starting to eat lionfish, I've heard it's good eating. The venomous spines get removed in preparation of course.
I'm glad you used the full name Eastern Gray Squirrel as there are four species of Gray Squirrels in the US. The Eastern Gray has also been introduced into California (CA and the UK seem to suffer from many of the same introduced North American species). Here, it competes with the native Western Gray Squirrel, not by dominating it as the Western Gray is slightly larger, but by outcompeting it for resources in certain areas as the Western Gray is a lot more shy. American Red Squirrels avoid the Eastern Gray by living in coniferous forests. Interestingly, Eastern Grays avoid areas where American Martens live which mostly take Am. Red Squirrels, and Pacific Martens which take Douglas Squirrels. Be glad you don't have the larger Fox Squirrel in the UK.
@dalymaddox8254
10 ай бұрын
in the uk we are taught to shoot grey ones
Lot of success with protecting Little Penguins at Warrnambool Australasia using Maremma Sheepdogs. Before the dogs, numbers had dropped to just 4 birds.
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
Yeah i was reading something about that, it's fascinating. So many human animal conflicts can be solved with the help of other animals especially sheepdogs.
@PizzaRocks
Жыл бұрын
@@TsukiCove Okay, are we just gonna ignore the fact that dogs are also VERY invasive just because 'they are cute' or something?
@specteractual1
Жыл бұрын
@@PizzaRocks that's why they are talking about a specific breed that is also trained. They aren't just releasing random mutts from the pound
@PizzaRocks
Жыл бұрын
@@specteractual1 a breed is not a subspecies
@specteractual1
Жыл бұрын
@@PizzaRocks I don't know where you're getting subspecies from I never said that
The first invasive species I thought of is the common raccoon to continental Europe. They are quite a problem in urban areas of Germany and Poland. With no natural enemies, ample food supply and little competition for habitat, it’s a perfect world for them. Pest control companies have quite a time with these unwanted “guests”.
@lowtechredneck6704
11 ай бұрын
Are they actually causing damage to the ecosystem and/or economy, or are they just considered annoying? If its the latter, they're just filling in an empty niche in the ecosystem.
@dinosaurzs1554
11 ай бұрын
The earliest raccoon (procynoid) ancestor was actually from Europe around 25 million years ago, but they went over to America when the sea was frozen during the ice age, while becoming extinct in Europe. So the raccoon is - paleontologically seen - not a non-native species to Europe.
red squirrels are great alot cuter than grey it's a shame we are losing them. i go centre parcs in penrith yearly and they have reds. last year i saw 3-4 but over the last 5 years we saw none. they took a bad hit but slowly making numbers back
Your videos are always so relaxing and informational it's the perfect thing to watch when I'm bored
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
thank you ireally appreciate the support :)
@a4blackjaguar965
Жыл бұрын
@@TsukiCove I wish I could support you through patreon but I don't have any money 😞
@Mike-tg7dj
Жыл бұрын
School's out for summer holiday. If you're bored read a book, take up a hobby, go swimming or a museum. I myself could watch these all day.
@a4blackjaguar965
Жыл бұрын
@@Mike-tg7dj Yeah I mean I hang out with my friends a lot or go biking but sometimes I'm just tired so I go on KZread
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
you don't need to support me that way that's okay, watching is enough support :)
The lionfish live up to 1,000 feet (304 meters) below the surface It's almost impossible to hunt them down that far. "Posh people on horses!" Love it!
@Gmansworld333
11 ай бұрын
Posh person hears this : "Let me get my submarine!"
You could do another video on only fish. Asian carp , largemouth bass, bluegill, rainbow trout, pacu and the I'm sure could go on
@francus7227
Жыл бұрын
Hogs....
Great video but I do think we need to talk about invasive plants. When I was in Hawaii, I helped a fish pond and we ripped mangroves out. Just an interesting thought I think
Humans could regulate lionfish numbers by commercially fishing them in North America like European pine martens do with eastern grey squirrels and dingoes with red foxes.
@legallyblind393
Жыл бұрын
Us Aussies have eaten lion fish for ages 🤷♂️ They are native here tho
@royhay5741
Жыл бұрын
@LegallyBlind predators seem to be the best solution. I want Komodo dragons to be reintroduced to Australia to regulate feral ungulate numbers as Komodo dragons are native to Australia but died out here after humans caused their prey to go extinct. Shockingly, Australia actually has a native hoofed mammal called the Papuan hog, which is a subspecies of wild boar. They're found throughout QLD, NSW, and ACT. The pigs living in the Wet Tropics are Papuan hogs. Piglets are stripey.
I think the Grey Squirrel in the UK (from the UK myself also) can be better controlled numbers wise, further by - Continuing the expansion of the Pine Marten - Continuing heavy hunting/trapping quotas for them in all areas of habitation
Rabbits are also an invasive animal to Australia that they find really hard to get rid of.
I'm surprised humans aren't on this list
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
yeah we are the worst but i think most people are aware of that
@J242D
Жыл бұрын
We’re an implied 0th place lol
@johntodd3910
Жыл бұрын
@@TsukiCoveinvasive species have gone mad What would happen if wildebeest were introduced into Arizona and Texas
@parallelarc3837
Жыл бұрын
I mean the only invasive species that might somewhat compare to us is rats or cats… but by far humans. Not even a little bit. We are the direct / indirect cause of a mass extinction event… it’s happening right now, and is on par with events like the meteor strike that hit dinosaurs. The number of species is heavily dwindling.
@beastmaster0934
Жыл бұрын
@@johntodd3910 Considering that there are wildebeest in hunting ranches in both of those states, it’s only a matter of time.
Asian Carp in the US. Introduced in the 1970s to aquaculture ponds and wastewater treatment plants. It's thought floods and storms are what caused them to spread. And now they've spread to the waterways of 45 states and their home range is still spreading.
In Maine we can hunt red squirrels year round, but the Grey's are a 3 month season. I rarely see them but the reds are everywhere. I'm not sure if our reds are the same as UK reds. Great video Thanks!
So, it all boils down to humans, humans, &…oh, humans! Color me shocked 🙄 Releasing foxes just so they can rip it apart, gee, what could _possibly_ go wrong?! And as for the lion-fish, well…Florida 🤦🏻♀️
@beastmaster0934
Жыл бұрын
They did the same with rabbits in Australia. The English just really love to shoot things
Great video 👍🏿
European Green Crab is very invasive. Its now showing up on the West Coast of the United States and could destroy the Dungeness Crab population.
@specteractual1
Жыл бұрын
What's crazy is in some places they are actually helping the ecosystem
I just love your videos....
Brown Trout belong on this list. They are so widespread they will never be controlled. Who knows how many native micros that fish has decimated.
Starling populations in Canada and the USA. Cane Toads and rascally wabbitts in Oz.
In the USA, the parallel to the Red Fox the Coyote. Same reason, they are extremely adaptable. They’ll predate native species of mammals like deer, but when there are none, they’ll eat seed pods, bugs, mice, and plant fruits. They have no problem raiding farms and ranches, but have also been found in NYC, Central Park. They hunt in packs and learned to lure pets for group attack. Eradication attempts have been limited mainly due to animal rights type folk, so no baiting and depredation hunts. Here they are classified as “vermin” and can be shot on sight-no hunting permit needed. Same as rats and pigeons. Being in the Western USA, we hear them at night calling/assembling the group. Heck, they even run through my back yard at times. They are known to take smallish pet dogs from the yard, so one can not leave such outside unwatched. I’ve seen more than one running through the neighborhood carrying a freshly killed pet cat. Cats are fairly smart however, so most survive outdoors.
Seeing as you mentioned fox hunting ... What about Badgers? If i die having seen one I'll be happy but what other animals around the world have been targeted for sport like badger baiting, hare coursing
We need more pine marten to stop grey squirrels
You should do a video on the true freshwater sharks, Glyphis.
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
I would but there's no footage i can use/buy so it would be like a slideshow
@DillonTrinhProductions
Жыл бұрын
@@TsukiCove Ah, but nice video anyway.
There are definitely ways to drop the numbers significantly. Hunting squirrel if you get enough people hunting will absolutely work. With lion fish they are slowly becoming commercially viable and that is increasing the numbers of people going out for them. Can't say much on the fox just don't know much them in Australia
Very interesting
I've been asking for a couple of years and have never found a way to target lion fish with rod and reel, I can't dive with my oxygen concentrator anymore but that does seem to be the best way to reduce that species in Florida😢
If only the governments of these countries/regions would actually do something to help eradicate each and every one of these invasive scum instead of wasting time doing pointless stuff (looking at you Australian Government). 🙄
One interesting note about lionfish is that they're considered quite tasty and are becoming more widespread on restaurant menus in the United States. Bon Appetit!
I'm glad you mentioned grey squirrels, I live in Northumberland and I've shot 10 in just this last week.
@jenny2tone242
9 ай бұрын
That is illegal.
Odd Question Are Wild Boars in Hawaii and Polynesia as a whole similar to how humans brought Dingos to Australia. Where they're technically not a native species but over the course of thousands of years became naturalized?
@dead-eyeddrifter5756
Жыл бұрын
They're not naturalized and they still cause alot of damage. And most of the introductions are very recent, within the last 1,500 years or so.
Can you do one on invasion of cats and dogs?
Hey recommendations from an American if you want to control grey squirrels keep a 110 conibear set up in the area you see them traveling through most often some bycatch is likely but if you pick your area’s correctly it should be mostly avoidable
One native fish species that takes down Lionfish is the Moray Eel. They have no problem chowing down on them, spines and all.
Sometimes I wonder what this era of life will look like to scientists of a future intelligent species millions of years from now.
@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana
Жыл бұрын
It would explain why the major animal and plant families have distributions that make no geographical expansionist sense. 🤷🤷🤷 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
i always like to see a squirrel its a cool find, even though ive only ever seen the Eastern grey. i wish i could see a red one
Eastern grey squirrels were introduced to Vancouver but aren't considered much of a problem, interestingly (I wonder if they filled a recently vacated niche?). They don't tend to overlap in environments with the local douglas squirrels.
@saltator8565
Жыл бұрын
The only niche they fill is that of a typical urban animal. Eastern grays live in urban areas and deciduous forests, while Douglas squirrels prefer conifers.
@goodbyesheesha
Жыл бұрын
@@saltator8565 They were specifically introduced to stanley park to help with reforesting. Douglas squirrels are cache hoarders as opposed to greys being scatter hoarders.
There's a lot of sibilance in this video -- you know, a scratchy hissing sound when an "s" is pronounced. It makes it harder to enjoy what is otherwise a very nice and interesting mini-documentary, with a lot of great info & footage.
Fox hunting was called the unspeakable in pursuit of the inedible.
I’ve seen red squirrels in the uk. In centre parcs, it’s a red squirrel sanctuary even though they are wild. I actually saw 12😃🐿️❤
I'd like to say that their might be prevelent amounts of foxes near the coast, I live near fraser island in queensland and there are heaps up here. Idk though maybe they are steadily moving their way up, there are also alot of wild dogs near me but they are out far into the bush. Not really near suburban areas unlike the foxes, wouldn't be surprised if they were on fraser even.
Maybe a part 2 with the Cane Toad down in Australia. They have giants down under.
Crown of thorns starfish is another one thats been impossible to control on the great barrier reef. And feral cats have been impossible to control in Australia too as well as the cane toad and the feral camel.
i think i remember watching a documentary that talked about an invasive giant apple snail (i think???) in the US, that was left uncontrolled because they became a primary food scource for a snail eagle (i think it was) that was endangered and helped it out. am i remembering that right???
The falconer in UK for getting squirts must be amazing
Please make a list on the invasive species worth hunting and eating...
Considering the populations of Eastern Gray Squirrels in the U.S., that estimate of 2.7 million in the U.K. is almost certainly too low.
Out competing wasn’t the issue for the red squirrels… both squirrels would hardly interact. It was the disease that the grey squirrel brought with them that wiped out the red squirrel from most England apart from a few islands and Cumbria.
I think many people forget that ornamental plants are also invasive and cause a lot of damage to local vegetation. The Jacarandas and Araucarias are popular for their beauty, but are currently very widespread considering how limited their natural habitat was. My city for example, just recently considered Araucaria Columnaris as the representative tree, when they are not even local. New Zealand is also having problems with Pinus Radiata,originally introduced for logging, which affects the native ecosystem that has a very different flora composition.
I bet gray squirrels will be made into a super - invasives by pine Martins in those regions. Selecting for only most evasive and nimble ones.
do woodland birds such as sparrow hawks prey on grey squirrels in the UK?
@EllieS.04
Жыл бұрын
Sparrowhawks are a bit too small and rarely choose to hunt grey squirrels. But the larger Northern Goshawk will hunt grey squirrels.
Those tree rats should've been dealt with when it became apparent they were becoming a problem. Also 2.5 million is a lot lower than the true number we currently have now.
I like ducks
@TsukiCove
Жыл бұрын
yes
The gray squirrel is not really an invasive species. It already spoke English before it got to the UK.
What about the Australian cane toad?
Aww you should love the red fox as that critter is very useful in the Extermination of Mice
I'm surprised falconers are not utilized to control gray squirrels.
what avout invasive fish Like The "hybrid african walking catfish" in india And Snakeheads in usa
Starlings didn’t make the list?
Why not re-introduce the Pine Marten to the areas with the gray squirrels? No poultry farms there now.
I live in the far north of England, where we still have a few reds. We shoot the grey squirrels when they come onto our property; there’s a lot of them, though
The Duke of Beaufort also introduced another invasive species, the Wels Catfish.
What about European Honeybees which were introduced into North America and does have invasive potential?
@matthewwelsh294
Жыл бұрын
The Killer bees
You didn't mention: what controls lionfish in their native ecosystems?
I’m surprised the American red claw crayfish isn’t on here
Brown anole that had made florida a new home (and starting to bleed into other states). They're out competing native green anoles at least in terms of ground space, forcing green anoles into higher elevations. There is no way they can be controlled, their numbers are too ludicrous.
Why are the red squirrels ears so long
The most surprising part of this video was seeing Queen’s lead guitarist Brian May marching against fox hunting
In the southern US, we hunt and eat the Grey Squirrel .. they are excellent in a Jambalaya..
I like longer lists. Top. 8 or 10
European Green Crab, European Starling, Rock Dove (aka Pigeon), House Cats, and Earthworms in North America
Do stray cat populations not help control the grey squirrel population?
@oneshothunter9877
11 ай бұрын
Stray cats causes severe damage on bird populations. All over the world. Only one thing to do. 🐈🔫
Surprised there wasn’t the pythons in the Everglades on here
Never say never, humanity is probably the most invasive.
You forgot one. The green shore Crab. Carcinus maenas.
What about wild boar
Surprised the carp didn't make it
I see different invasive species stories almost everyday from Australia. Frogs, rabbits, camels….What’s wrong with them?
Lionfish has also "invaded" the Mediterranean Sea, passing through the Suez canal.
I live in Pennsylvania, USA. Some eat grey squirrels here. I've eaten them, and yes I think that they taste good.
@johngreen3543
11 ай бұрын
My Bavarian grandparents used to eat squirrel, My grandfather was an avid hunter. On his list were rabbit, deer and catfish. They also cooked and ate them. He lived to be 96.
@bernie2231
11 ай бұрын
@@johngreen3543 Very cool. Myself and many others have eaten these things as well, were I live.
But The Main Predators Of The Lionfish Are Sharks,Moray Eels,Groupers,Snappers And Barracudas!!!
In Turkey these "invasive species" would not survive 2 weeks. Our people would simply hunt and eat them to the brink of extinction. I am not even joking.
house cats. they kill anything that moves and they do it for fun not even for food
Red foxes are highly successful in their own natural habitats, which range across pretty much every climate and ecosystem. It's no surprise that ecosystems that haven't adapted to their presence don't stand a chance.
You forgot the cane toads in Australia
The grey squirrel needs to be eliminated from the British Isles.
I'm rebalancing a 2 hectare forest by removing the native, but invasive, blackberries. They shade out everything else, and the simple act of removing them does wonders
For the grey squirrels if you kill them then clean them using the shirt and pants method and then fry them up and use the drippings to make gravy and serve it over biscuits it’s delicious there are lots of recipes for them on KZread. Cheers
At least the Red Fox can help with the bunny bounty.
How about armadillos in the southern US
@baneofbanes
4 ай бұрын
They’re native.